摘要：
Following a decompressive craniectomy, the autologous bone flap is generally considered the reconstructive material of choice in pediatric patients. Replacement of the original bone flap takes advantage of its natural biocompatibility and the associated low risk of rejection, as well as the potential to reintegrate with the adjacent bone and subsequently grow with the patient. However, despite these advantages and unlike adult patients, the replaced calvarial bone is more likely to undergo delayed bone resorption in pediatric patients, ultimately requiring revision surgery. In this review, we describe the materials that are currently available for pediatric cranioplasty, the advantages and disadvantages of autologous calvarial replacement, the incidence and classification of bone resorption, and the clinical risk factors for bone flap resorption that have been identified to date.
作者单位：
1.Division of Neurosurgery, Connecticut Children's, Hartford, Connecticut.
2.Department of Surgery, UConn School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
3.Department of Pediatrics, UConn School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
4.Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut.
5.Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut School of Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut.
6.Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
7.Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
8.Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UConn School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
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